The marathon, a legendary event that captivates the dreams of many athletes, always unfolds over a precise distance of 26.2 miles (42.195 kilometers). Curious about the origin of this specific measurement? Join us on a journey from Greece to England as we unravel the mystery behind the marathon distance.
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Marathon legend dates back to ancient greece
Have you ever heard the tale of the Greek messenger Philippides? It unfolds during the First Medical War in 490 BC when the Greeks achieved a triumphant victory over the Persians in the Battle of Marathon. The courageous Philippides, tasked with delivering the momentous news, embarked on a remarkable run covering approximately forty kilometers from Marathon to Athens. However, this heroic effort took a toll, and tragically, Philippides succumbed to exhaustion shortly after conveying the news.
Fast forward to the revival of the Olympic Games in 1896, and the organizers sought to pay homage to Philippides by incorporating the marathon into the event. In this historical nod, organizers initially established the marathon distance at 40 kilometers, mirroring Philippides’ legendary run. It’s worth noting that, following the traditions of the time, only male participants could compete in this event and all others in the inaugural Games.
The legacy of Philippides’ epic run lives on in the modern marathon, connecting contemporary athletes to the valor and sacrifice of an ancient messenger. Over time, the marathon’s distance evolved to the standardized 42.195 kilometers (26.2 miles), further intertwining the historical narrative with the enduring spirit of this iconic race.
The Marathon distance reviewed by the English
The stage was set for the London Olympics of 1908, and amidst the grandeur of London, organizers found themselves with the unique opportunity to determine the precise distance of the marathon. Opting for a route that began at Windsor Castle and culminated at the White City Stadium, the initial decision was to cover a distance of 26 miles, equivalent to 41.843 kilometers.
However, a twist of fate awaited the runners as a last-minute change altered the marathon’s course. Originally intended to guide participants through the royal entrance, circumstances rendered this entry point unusable. Consequently, runners were redirected through the opposite entrance, concluding their race in a clockwise fashion just before the box of Edward VII.
This impromptu adjustment added just over 350 meters to the marathon’s course, transforming the distance into 26 miles and 385 yards, or 42 kilometers and 195 meters. These additional meters would prove decisive for the marathon leader, Italian runner Dorando Pietri. On a sweltering July day, Pietri collapsed five times during the final lap. Despite officials offering assistance to help him cross the last few meters, Pietri crossed the finish line first. However, due to the unauthorized aid, he was subsequently disqualified, even though he hadn’t requested it. The following day, in recognition of his remarkable effort, Queen Alexandra presented Pietri with a special cup made of gold or silver, immortalizing the endurance and drama of that unforgettable marathon.
The distance of the London Marathon for reference
As the marathon gained popularity globally, each organizer retained the flexibility to determine the race’s distance, resulting in variations between 40 and 42.75 kilometers (24.85 and 26.86 miles). In response to the need for standardization, the international athletics federation engaged in extensive deliberations and, in 1921, officially established the marathon distance at 42.195 kilometers. This decision, undoubtedly influenced by the historic London Olympic marathon, aimed to honor the significance of that memorable race.
Since 1921, every marathon worldwide has adhered to the standardized distance of 42.195 kilometers. It’s noteworthy that the official measurement method, known as the Jones counter, boasts an impressive accuracy of 0.1%. To ensure that marathon runners cover the exact 42.195 kilometers, each course must measure an additional 42 meters, totaling 42.237 kilometers.
For those gearing up for an upcoming marathon, consider preparing with the RunMotion Coach app to help you conquer your next challenge. Are you ready for the exhilarating journey that awaits you on the road to 42.195 kilometers (26.2miles)? 😉